Shapes as Product Differentiation︎︎︎
with Eric Schulman, Kristen Grauman, Santhosh Ramakrishnan
arxiv︎︎︎ slides︎︎︎
Nov 2022,
Revise & Resubmit,
RAND Journal of Economics
Many differentiated products have key attributes that are high-dimensional (e.g., design, text). We consider one of the simplest design products, fonts, and quantify their shapes by constructing neural network embeddings. Using the embeddings and data from the world's largest online market place for fonts, we study the causal effect of a merger on the merging firm's creative decisions of product differentiation.
*This project is featured in a typography magazine ︎︎︎ and included in the MIT graduate machine learning course ︎︎︎.
![](https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/05371e7389269b09e39334ef63f6a2389ec4d752ae2068a929f6ff55640a4088/tsne_sample400_perp70_exg30_edited.png)
![](https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/785d78957a2398185b59aec583a0ab914f42f76271e94561b4c1dd95c77938f6/Supply_side_Mean_Distances_Time_Plot_02252020.png)